基于张线尾撑的进气道低速风洞试验技术研究

为了在φ3.2m风洞中开展战斗机大迎角进气道特性试验研究,结合该风洞开口试验段及支撑装置的特点,研制了能够模拟战斗机进气道流量的小型引射器装置,发展了基于引射器/张线尾撑一体化设计的战斗机大迎角进气道试验技术.为了验证该项试验技术,研制了进气道流量测量装置,以及基于数字阀的气源控制系统;进行了装置性能研究,并利用某战斗机模型开展了飞机鸭翼对进气道性能的影响试验研究.研究结果表明:引射器引射流量达1.34kg/s,引射器/张线尾撑一体化方案可完全满足我国已有战斗机在3m量级风洞开展进气道试验的流量模拟及开展大迎角试验研究的需求;鸭翼对战斗机进气道性能影响研究为进气道试验模型外形模拟提供了依据.     

套筒式张线天平的研制

根据民机张线测力试验的特殊要求,研制了一台套筒结构形式的张线天平.详细介绍了该天平在研制中遇到的难点、关键技术的解决措施以及研制的结果.天平元件布置在φ58mm的外套筒上,内杆直径为φ44mm,外套筒和内杆通过楔块焊接在一起.法向力、俯仰力矩和滚转力矩为拉压变形,横向力和偏航力矩为“S”形变形,轴向力为弯曲变形,元件支撑部分受拉压变形且刚度较强.通过对天平进行有限元分析,在法向力和俯仰力矩作用下,得出的应变结果与实际输出基本吻合.风洞试验结果表明:天平设计合理,天平外套筒、内杆及张线支撑系统刚度好,天平各分量测量精度高.     

基于DoDAF的装备保障任务建模与仿真的验证

装备保障任务建模与仿真是装备保障性能分析的基础,针对装备保障任务层次结构复杂、结构动态变化的特点,文章采用美国国防部体系结构框架(Department of Defense Architecture Framework,DoDAF),对装备保障任务建模需求进行分析,选取相应的DoDAF产品进行目标、资源、活动及活动间关系描述,探讨装备保障任务的分解原则,对装备保障任务进行逐级分解,建立保障任务模型,采用Telelogic SA(System Architect)软件构建装备保障任务的仿真模型,并以美国"尼米兹"级航母对岸作战航空保障任务为例,分析其任务成功率,对建立的模型进行仿真验证,证明了模型和方法的有效性。     

基于AHP的航空装备技术保障质量影响因素分析

围绕航空装备技术保障质量控制,深入分析了航空装备技术保障质量控制的内涵,构建了航空装备技术保障质量控制过程模型,阐述了影响航空装备技术保障质量的各种因素,并在调研和统计分析的基础上,应用层次分析法给出了影口向航空装备技术保障质量的因果图。     

高速风洞试验中运输机支撑形式的选择

合理选择模型的支撑形式和解决支架干扰问题是准确获取气动力数据的关键因素。为了寻找一种合适的运输类飞机在高速风洞试验中的支撑形式,首先通过计算分析和试验验证,给出了运输类飞机高速风洞试验中30°尾支撑支架干扰问题存在的原因,然后根据0°、5°、15°以及30°不同尾支撑形式的计算分析和专项试验论证结果,提出并验证了小角度尾支撑是现阶段运输类飞机高速风洞试验中最合理、最有效的支撑形式。     

风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术研究

采用双尾支撑测量形式的加工、装配误差会使系统内应力过大,影响测量精度。针对某“双机身”飞机CTS 风洞试验气动力测量需求,发展基于多维力天平内置的风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术;研制具有消除系统内应力功能的双支撑系统,提出两种6 分量双支撑天平校准及测力方法,并对数据处理和双支撑系统可靠性进行检验加载、对比分析和验证。结果表明：风洞分布式支撑天平测力试验技术能够有效消除双支撑天平系统由于过约束而导致的固有装配内应力,双支撑天平系统各部分连接、测量可靠;两种校准测力方法测量精度相当,均能达到单台应变天平测量误差水平,可满足风洞试验测量精度需求;综合考虑现有校准设备校准能力,最终采用“合成式校准测力”方法进行的风洞试验,获得了满意的试验测力精度。     

Integration of high-fidelity model of forward variable area bypass injector into zero-dimensional variable cycle engine model

Forward Variable Area Bypass Injector (FVABI) is one of key components which contributes to modulate the cycle parameters of Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) under various operation conditions. The modeling method of zero-dimensional FVABI was reviewed and its deficiency was analyzed based on FVABI flow characteristic. In order to improve the accuracy of VCE performance simulation, the high-fidelity modeling method of FVABI was developed based on its working characteristics. Then it was coupled with the zero-dimensional VCE model and the multi-level VCE model was built. The results indicate that the geometric and aerodynamic parameters can affect the interaction between the two airflows and the zero-dimensional FVABI model is too simple to predict the component performance accurately, especially when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked. Based on the performance curves for single bypass mode and the regression model of multi-scale support vector regression for double bypass mode, the high-fidelity model can predict FVABI performance accurately and rapidly. The integration of high-fidelity FVABI model into zero-dimensional VCE model can be done by adjusting iterative variables and balance equations. The multi-level model has good convergence and it can predict VCE performance when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked.     

基于PERT网络的航空弹药保障人员优化配置

针对航空弹药保障效率和可靠性要求高的问题,在分析保障流程的计划评审技术（PERT,Program Evaluation and Review Technique）网络图中各工序对任务完工影响程度的基础上,提取了工序关键度指标和重要度指标以及各方案下的按期完工概率,建立了保障人员配置方案评价指标体系,表示为评价函数形式.以基于蒙特卡洛方法的PERT网络仿真为核心,选择在遗传算法进化寻优框架下构建优化模型,该方法不仅得到了最优的保障人员配置方案,而且评估了需要注重的关键工序.算例实验证实了其有效性与实用性.      

Modified energy cascade model adapted for a multicrop Lunar greenhouse prototype

Models are required to accurately predict mass and energy balances in a bioregenerative life support system. A modified energy cascade model was used to predict outputs of a multi-crop (tomatoes, potatoes, lettuce and strawberries) Lunar greenhouse prototype. The model performance was evaluated against measured data obtained from several system closure experiments. The model predictions corresponded well to those obtained from experimental measurements for the overall system closure test period (five months), especially for biomass produced (0.7% underestimated), water consumption (0.3% overestimated) and condensate production (0.5% overestimated). However, the model was less accurate when the results were compared with data obtained from a shorter experimental time period, with 31%, 48% and 51% error for biomass uptake, water consumption, and condensate production, respectively, which were obtained under more complex crop production patterns (e.g. tall tomato plants covering part of the lettuce production zones). These results, together with a model sensitivity analysis highlighted the necessity of periodic characterization of the environmental parameters (e.g. light levels, air leakage) in the Lunar greenhouse.     

基于直升机/涡轴发动机综合仿真平台的发动机非线性模型预测控制

 基于具有可靠置信度的直升机/涡轴发动机综合仿真平台,研究了涡轴发动机带约束优化的非线性模型预测控制(NMPC)技术。首先通过设计多输出迭代约简最小二乘支持向量回归机(RRLSSVR),训练具有较好实时性、精度及泛化能力的内嵌式预测模型,在高度0~5 km、前飞速度0~75 m/s范围内模型精度达5‰。其次,考虑了扭矩、燃油流量、动力涡轮转速、燃气涡轮转速等综合信息及相关约束对控制效果的影响,利用在线序列二次规划(SQP)算法实现滚动优化控制,而后加入目标转速偏差的积分项以消除静差,保证输出恒定。最后,通过对直升机进行机动飞行大扰动仿真验证了该预测控制器对扰动的抑制能力,相比传统串级PID控制,能够显著降低动力涡轮转速下垂/超调量,达到更好的控制品质。